Copper (II) sulfate
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate
CAS: 7758-99-8
Molecular Formula: CuH10O9S
Copper (II) sulfate - Names and Identifiers
Copper (II) sulfate - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | CuH10O9S |
| Molar Mass | 249.68 |
| Density | 2.284 |
| Melting Point | 110°C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Water Solubility | 320 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | 320 g/L (20°C) |
| Vapor Presure | 7.3 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| Appearance | Blue Powder |
| Specific Gravity | 2.284 |
| Color | fine blue crystals |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 1 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 1 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,2653 |
| PH | 3.5-4.5 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| Sensitive | Easily absorbing moisture |
| MDL | MFCD00149681 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Character bright blue asymmetric triclinic crystal or powder. The relative density is 2.284 The solubility is easily soluble in water (0 ℃, 31.6g/100ml water, 100 ℃, 203.3g/100ml water), slightly soluble in methanol, insoluble in anhydrous ethanol. |
| Use | Mainly used as textile mordant, agricultural pesticides, water fungicides, preservatives, also used for tanning, copper plating, mineral processing, etc. |
Copper (II) sulfate - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R22 - Harmful if swallowed R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R36 - Irritating to the eyes R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
| UN IDs | UN 3288 6.1/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | GL8900000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28332500 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 960 mg/kg (Smyth) |
Copper (II) sulfate - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Copper(II) sulfide Sulfuric acid Copper(II) hydroxide Copper Copper Copper(II) oxide |
| Downstream Products | Copper(I) chloride Copper(I) cyanide Copper(II) oxide Copper 3-Fluorophenol Benzanthrone |
Copper (II) sulfate - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Wei Xiaojing, Shi Xin, Ren Tianhui, etc. Effect of copper sulfate on oxygen removal efficiency of ascorbic acid [J]. Energy and Chemical Engineering, 2019. 2. Wei Xiaojing, Shi Xin, Wen Xiaohu, Zhang Jiangjiang, Zhang Qin. Study on the influencing factors of ascorbic acid deoxygenation efficiency [C]. Corrosion Inhibitor Committee of Chinese society of corrosion and protection. Proceedings of the 21th National Symposium on corrosion inhibitors. Corrosion Inhibitor Committee of Chinese society of corrosion and protection: corrosion inhibitor Committee of Chinese society of corrosion and protection, 2020:71-75. 3. Wei Xiaojing, Shi Xin, Wen Xiaohu, Zhang Jiangjiang, Zhang Qin. Study on the influencing factors of ascorbic acid deoxygenation efficiency [C]. Corrosion Inhibitor Committee of Chinese society of corrosion and protection. Proceedings of the 21th National Symposium on corrosion inhibitors. Corrosion Inhibitor Committee of Chinese society of corrosion and protection: corrosion inhibitor Committee of Chinese society of corrosion and protection, 2020:71-75. 4. [IF = 3.638] Zhenbao Zhu et al."Ultrasound improving the physical stability of oil-in-water gradients stabilizing by almond proteins." J Sci Food Agr. 2018 Aug;98(11):4323-4330 5. [IF = 4.223] Wang et al."Green synthesis of a novel functionalized chitosan adsorbent for Cu(II) adsorption from aqueous solution."Environmental Science And Pollution Research. 2021 Aug 03 6. [IF=4.155] Hong-shuang Liu et al."Sagittaria sagittifolia polysaccharide protects against six-heavy-metal-induced hepatic injury associated with the activation of Nrf2 pathway to regulate oxidative stress and apoptosis."J Inorg Biochem. 2022 Jul;232:111810 |
Copper (II) sulfate - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
blue particles or light blue powder. dj5.82.286. Soluble in water, soluble in methanol, glycerol, ethanol-soluble. Slow weathering in the air, 30 ℃ lost 2 molecular crystal water, 110 ℃ lost 4 molecules of crystal water, 250 ℃ into white powder anhydrous. Soluble in water, the aqueous solution is acidic, 0. 2mol.L-1 aqueous solution pH 4.0. Non-flammable, toxic, irritating. It is decomposed by high heat to produce toxic sulfide smoke.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Copper (II) sulfate - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
sulfuric acid was added to copper, heated to 70~80 ℃, and the relative density was 1. 40 nitric acid, after the completion of the reaction, the solution was evaporated and the crystalline film was obtained by cooling, Suction filtration and water washing.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:59:51
Copper (II) sulfate - Introduction
Toxic, slowly weathering in the air, losing 2 molecules of crystal water at 30 degrees, losing 4 molecules of crystal water at 110 degrees, and becoming white anhydrous at 250 degrees, easily soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is acidic.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:28:40
Copper (II) sulfate - Use
Open Data Verified Data
as an additive for sulfate copper plating and wide-temperature bright acid copper ion plating. High purity refined copper sulfate can be used in IT industry and other high-grade electroplating occasions, so as to ensure the uniformity of the thickness distribution of the layout and the deep plating ability of the deep hole and the small hole during electroplating, and can help to improve the ductility of the coating, tensile strength and other aspects of physical properties.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:59:51
Copper (II) sulfate - Reference Information
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Overview | copper sulfate pentahydrate (chemical formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O): Blue alum, gall alum, blue triclinic crystals, dry air is easy to weathering, heat to 190 deg C to lose 4 molecules of crystal water, to 258 deg C into anhydrous salt. Toxic. Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol. It can be used for pesticides, harmful, irritating to the eyes and skin, and can have long-term adverse effects on the water environment. Copper sulfate crystal is a beautiful blue crystal, the crystal is plate-like or short columnar, with a beautiful blue, the composition is mainly copper sulfate pentahydrate, that is, the hydrate of copper sulfate, can be used for electroplating or dyeing, exposure to dry air will change from a loss of water to an opaque, light greenish white powder. |
| molecular structure and dry dehydration | copper sulfate is a strong acid and weak base salt, because the hydrolysis solution is weakly acidic. The water absorption is very strong, and the reaction after water absorption produces blue copper sulfate pentahydrate. The aqueous solution was blue in color. The copper sulfate solution was concentrated and crystallized to obtain blue crystals of copper sulfate pentahydrate. In the crystal structure of copper sulfate five hydrate, the copper ion is octahedral coordination, which is surrounded by four H2O and two O. The fifth H2O is connected with two H2O in the Cu octahedron and two O in [SO4], which is tetrahedral and plays a buffering role in the structure. The copper sulfate crystal pentahydrate is water-losing in three steps. In the figure above, two water molecules that bind to copper ions only by coordination bonds are first lost, and the approximate temperature is 102 degrees Celsius. Two of the water molecules that bind with a coordinate bond to the copper ion and hydrogen bond with one of the outer water molecules are lost with increasing temperature, approximately 113 degrees Celsius. The outermost water molecule is the most difficult to lose because its hydrogen atom forms a hydrogen bond with the oxygen atom in the surrounding sulfate ion, and its oxygen atom forms a hydrogen bond with the hydrogen atom of the water molecule coordinated with the copper ion, in general, a stable ring-like structure is formed, and therefore a higher energy is required to break the structure. The temperature required to lose the outermost water molecule is approximately 258 degrees Celsius. |
| toxicity | both copper and its salts are toxic. Has a stimulating effect on the skin, dust irritation eyes. Therefore, the maximum allowable concentration of metal copper in the working environment is l mg/m3, and the average of each shift is 0.5 mg/m3. Workers should wear masks to prevent inhalation when aerosols of copper (Cu) and its compounds are present in the air. Wear protective glasses. Wear anti-dust work clothes. Take a warm shower after work. |
| uses | mainly used as textile mordant, agricultural pesticides, water fungicides, preservatives, also used for tanning, copper plating, used as convergence medicine and disease control medicine, and agricultural bactericide used as analytical reagent, mordant and preservative This product is the main salt of copper plating pyrophosphate. The composition is simple, the stability is good, the current efficiency is high, the deposition speed is fast. But the polarization force is small, and the dispersion ability is poor. The coating is coarse and not bright. used in the chemical industry for the manufacture of other copper salts such as cuprous cyanide, cuprous chloride, cuprous oxide and other products. The dye industry is used to produce copper-containing monoazo dyes such as reactive brilliant blue, reactive Violet, Phthalocyanine Blue and other copper complexing agents. It is also a catalyst for organic synthesis, fragrance and dye intermediates. The pharmaceutical industry is often used directly or indirectly as astringents and auxiliary raw materials for the production of isoniazid and pyrimethamine. The coating industry is used for copper oleate as a toxic agent for Ship Bottom antifouling paint. Electroplating industry for sulfate copper plating and wide temperature bright acid copper ion additive. Food grade is used as an antimicrobial agent, a nutritional supplement. Agricultural use as pesticides and copper-containing pesticides. It is a feed additive for poultry and veterinary farming spot drop analysis of tellurium and zinc, catalyst for nitrogen determination, carbohydrate analysis, urine and cerebrospinal fluid examination, determination of serum protein, whole blood glucose, non-protein nitrogen, chromatographic analysis. Insecticidal, mordant, antiseptic. Haploid breeding in the preparation of various media, bacterial serum test in the preparation of beef digestion broth. |
| production method | sulfuric acid method copper powder is calcined at 600~700 ℃ to oxidize to produce copper oxide, after sulfuric acid decomposition, clarification and removal of insoluble impurities, after cooling crystallization, filtration, drying, made copper sulfate products. The 2Cu + O2 → 2COCuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 10 H2O electrolyte recovery waste electrolyte (including Cu50 ~ 60g/L,H2SO4180 ~ 200g/L) with the roasting treated copper mud made of fine copper powder (its composition is Cu 65% ~ 70%, CuO 20% ~ 30%, and contains a small amount of Cu2O, etc.), the clear solution was cooled and crystallized, separated and dried to obtain copper sulfate. Recovery method copper pollution is the copper compound precipitate in the copper acetate ammonia solution in the copper washing tower of the synthetic ammonia feed gas in the nitrogen fertilizer plant. After calcination at 700 C, copper sulfate is formed by oxidation to copper oxide and then reacted with sulfuric acid. Dissolution of copper iron precipitation acid leaching, chemical concentration crystallization method using low-grade copper oxide (CuO 3% or so) by crushing to a certain particle size, adding sulfuric acid impregnation, adding dissolution of copper iron (manganese, composition of vanadium and copper compounds) direct acid leaching to obtain copper-iron ratio greater than 100 of copper sulfate leaching solution, and then add chemical concentrate (composed of calcium and sulfur compounds) for chemical concentration, discharge 70% ~ 90% of the water, a little evaporation, after cooling crystallization, centrifugal separation, air drying, prepared copper sulfate products. waste sea bream was placed in a baking furnace and calcined at 60-70 °c to form copper oxide. Then the copper oxide is heated, dissolved in sulfuric acid, cooled to crystallize, centrifuged to dehydrate, washed and dried to obtain the product. |
| category | pesticide |
| toxicity grade | high toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | intraperitoneal-rat LD50: 18.7 mg/kg; Intraperitoneal-mouse LD50: 33 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | non-combustible; Toxic copper and sulfur oxide fumes generated from fire scene |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is low temperature, ventilated and dry, and stored separately from food raw materials |
| extinguishing agent | water, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 0.1 mg (copper)/m3; Tel 0.2 mg (copper)/M3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-19 09:29:04
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Raw Materials for Copper (II) sulfate
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